Adjective

 Adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun.

'Big', 'boring', 'purple', 'quick' and 'obvious' are all adjectives.

অর্থাৎ, Adjective হলো এমন word যা কোন noun বা pronoun কে বর্ণনা করে।

এখন জানতে হবে Adjective noun বা pronoun কে কি ভাবে বর্ণনা করে।

Adjective: noun বা pronoun এর কোন বৈশিষ্ট্য প্রকাশ করে।

উক্ত বৈশিষ্ট্য হতে পারে noun বা pronoun টির কোন দোষ, গুন, অবস্থা, সংখ্যা, পরিমাণ বা বিশেষত্ব প্রকাশক যেকোন word, phrase অথবা clause। যেমনঃ

i. Arif is a good student. -word

ii. The boy carrying a bag is coming to us. -phrase

iii. I saw the man who helped her. - clause

উপরের নিম্নরেখ word, phrase অথবা clause হচ্ছে Adjective

এবং এরা সবাই targeted noun বা pronoun এর এমন বৈশিষ্ট্য প্রকাশ করেছে, যার ফলে noun বা pronoun টিকে বিশেষভাবে বোঝানো সম্ভব হয়েছে।

এ কারণে Adjective কে modifier বা qualifier ও বলা হয়ে থাকে।

Forms of Adjective

Adjective এর তিনটি Form হয়। যথা :

i. Positive form (base form): fine, large, effective

ii. Comparative form ( adj + er/ more + adj): finer, larger, more effective

iii. Superlative form (adj + est/ most + adj) : finest, largest, most effective Adjective এর এই Form গুলীকে Degree বলে।

Uses of Adjective

Adjective কে কয়েকভাবে ব্যবহার করা যায়। যেমনঃ

1. Attributive adjective: (determiner) + adj + noun - a tall tree. some nice flowers.

2. Predicative adjective: Subj + LV + adj - The tree is tall. He was punctual.

3. Absolute adjective: এই adjective তার আগের বা পরের নিকটবর্তি noun কে modify করে।

The boy, happy with his lollipop, did not look where he was going.

4. Nominal adjective: এই adjective noun এর মতো কাজ করে। যেমনঃ

The educated can help the society many ways.

Modification of Adjective

Adjective এর সাধারণ অর্থকে বিশিষ্টতা প্রদান করার জন্যে Adjective এর আগে Adverb দিয়ে Adjective কে modify করা যায়। যেমন :

i. She is good.(not modified)

ii. She is very good. (modified)

iii. You are right. (not modified)

iv. They live in a nicely decorated room. (modified)

NB: সব Adjective কে এভাবে modify করা যায়না।

1. We have a/an ----------------------------- house.

2. He bought a/an -------------- table.

3. A/An ----------------------man can do nothing.

4. Our college is very ------------.

5. Bangladesh was ----------- ------------------before 1971.

6. Our country is ----------------.

7. Everyone respects a/an -------man.

8. A high official should be --------.

9. We found the room ----------.

10. It is -------------------------to say.

11. A/an --------------------------woman came to meet you.

12. You have done the ------------------------thing.

13. The child became ----------to have a lollypop.

14. There is a/an -------------tree in front of our --------house.

15.  A/an ----------------student attends the class regularly.

Order of adjectives

Bs‡iwR‡Z Noun Gi Av‡M GKvwaK Attributive adjective e¨eüZ n‡j D³ adjective ¸jx GKwU we‡kl order ev serial G e¨eüZ nq| wb‡P Attributive adjective Gi order †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|  

1.     Determiners — articles, adverbs, and other limiters.

2.     Observation — post determiners and limiter adjectives (e.g., a real hero, a perfect idiot) and adjectives subject to subjective measure (e.g., beautiful, interesting), or objects with a value (e.g., best, cheapest, costly)

3.     Size and Shape — adjectives subject to objective measure (e.g., wealthy, large, round), and physical properties such as speed.

4.     Age — adjectives denoting age (e.g., young, old, new, ancient, six-year-old).

5.     Color — adjectives denoting color (e.g., red, black, pale).

6.     Origin — denominal adjectives denoting source of noun (e.g., French, American, Canadian).

7.     Material — denominal adjectives denoting what something is made of (e.g., woolen, metallic, wooden).

8.     Qualifier — final limiter, often regarded as part of the noun (e.g., rocking chair, hunting cabin, passenger car, book cover).

List of Adjectives

Appearance Adjectives Adorable-AvKl©Yxq beautiful- my›`i clean- cwi¯‹vi drab- wefrm/weiw³Ki elegant-‡gvnbxq fancy-RwUj/RvKRgKcyY© glamorous- AvKl©Yxq handsome- my`k©b long – j¤^v/ `xN©  magnificent -PgrKvi old-fashioned- cyivZb plain-mvaviY/ mv`vgvUv quaint - cyivZb e‡j AvKl©Yxq sparkling - RvR¡j¨gvb ugliest - KzrwmZ unsightly - KzrwmZ wide-eyed- cÖm¯— P¶z wewkó	Color Adjectives red- jvj orange-Kgjv yellow-njy` green-meyR blue -bxj purple- ‡e¸wb gray- a~mi pink- †Mvjvwc                     black- Kv‡jv white- mv`v	Feelings (Bad) Adjectives angry- ivMvwš^Z bewildered-nZevK clumsy-wewkª/A‡kvfb defeated-civwRZ embarrassed-jw¾Z fierce- cÖPÛ/w¶ß grumpy-iMPUv helpless-Amnvq itchy-PzjKvwb jealous-Cl©vwš^Z lazy-Ajm mysterious-inm¨gq nervous-DwØMœ obnoxious-i“p panicky-wfwZcÖ` repulsive-weiw³Ki scary-wfwZcÖ` thoughtless-wb‡e©va uptight- wPwš—Z
Feelings (Good) Adjectives agreeable- m‡š—vlRbK brave- mvnmx calm- kvš— delightful- Avb›``vqK eager- AvMÖnx faithful- wek¦¯— gentle- f`ª happy- Lywk/Avbw›`Z Feelings (Good) Adjectives jolly-cÖdzj­ kind- `qvjy lively-wReš— nice-my›`i obedient-AbyMZ proud-Mwe©Z relieved-gy³ silly-‡QvU thankful-K…ZÁ victorious-weRqx witty-eyw×gvb zealous-Drmvnx	Shape Adjectives broad- eo/ cÖk¯— chubby- †gvUv crooked- AvKvevKv curved- evKv‡bv deep- Mfxi flat- mgZj high- DPz/D”P hollow- dvKv Shape Adjectives low- wbPz narrow- mi“/mswKb© round-‡MvjvKvi shallow-AMfxi skinny- wQcwQ‡c square-eM© steep-eÜzi straight-‡mvRv wide-cÖm¯—	Size Adjectives big- eo colossal- AZ¨š— e„nr fat- †gvUv gigantic- AZ¨š— e„nr great- eo huge-e„nr immense-wekvj large- eo Size Adjectives little-‡QvU mammoth-eo massive-e„nr miniature-Lev©K…wZ petite-‡QvU I my›`i puny-¶z`ª, `ye©j scrawny-nvwÇmvi short-‡QvU,†e‡U small-‡QvU tall-j¤^v teeny-LyeB †QvU teeny-tiny - †QvU LvU tiny- LyeB †QvU	Sound Adjectives cooing- Kz kãKvwi deafening-AwZ D”P faint-mvgvb¨ hissing-wkl loud- D”P melodic- my‡ijv noisy †KvjvnjcyY©   quiet-wbie Sound Adjectives raspy-KK©k screeching-‡PPv‡bv thundering-GKUvbv D”P kã voiceless-wbe©vK/evKnxb whispering- KvbvKvwb
Time Adjectives ancient- cÖvwPb brief-msw¶ß early-evj¨/ZvovZvwo fast-`ª“Z late-wej¤^ long-`xN© modern- AvaywbK old- cyivZb old-fashioned- cyivZb quick- ZwoNwo rapid-দ্রুত short- mí slow-axi swift- w¶cÖ young- Aí eq¯‹	Taste/Touch Adjectives bitter- wZZv delicious-my¯^v`y fresh-ZvRv greasy- ˆZjv³ juicy-imv‡jv hot- Mig icy-eidv”Qvw`Z loose-wXjv melted-MwjZ nutritious-cywóKi prickly-KvUvhy³ rainy-e„wóeûj rotten-cPv salty-jebv³ sticky-wPUwP‡U strong-kw³kvwj sweet-wgwó tart-UK tasteless- ¯^v`nxb uneven- Agm„b weak- `ye©j wet- †fRv wooden-Kv‡Vi ˆZix yummy-my¯^v`y	Touch Adjectives boiling-dzUš— broken-fvOv bumpy-Amgvb chilly-VvÛv cold-VvÛv cool-wkZj creepy-A™¢yZ crooked-evKv curly- †KvKov‡bv damaged-¶wZMÖ¯— damp-Av`ª dirty-gqjv dry- ïKbv dusty- a~wjgq filthy-‡bvOiv freezing-cÖPÛ VvÛv warm-Dò wet- Av`ª	Quantity Adjectives abundant-cÖPzi empty- Lvwj few- Aí/wKQz full-fwZ©/c~Y© heavy-A‡bK/†ewk light-Aí/nvév many- A‡bK numerous-A‡bK sparse-Kg substantial-A‡bK/†ewk

Use appropriate adjectives in the gaps: use as many adjectives as you can.

1. We have a/an -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- house.

2. He bought a/an ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- table.

3. A/An ------------------------------------------------------------------------- man can do nothing.

4.Our college is very ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

5. Bangladesh was ----------- -----------------------------------------------------------before 1971.

6. Our country is ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

7. Everyone respects a/an ----------------------------------- ------------------------- ----------man.

8. A high official should be --------------------------------------------------------------------------.

9. We found the room ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

10. It is -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------to say.

11. A/an ------------------------------------------------------------------woman came to meet you.

12. You have done the --------------------------------------------------------------------------thing.

13. The child became --------------------------------------------------------- to have a lollypop.

14. There is a/an ---------------------------------tree in front of our ------------------------house.

15.  A/an -------------------------------------------------------student attends the class regularly.